Phil. 26

Prof. Justin

Exam 1: Part 2

Procedure: Select the best answer to each of the following questions. Mark the letter of the answer only on a 882-E scantron. Answers submitted in some other format will not be accepted. Put your name on the scantron. Put your 882-E scantron along with your essay into my Lock Box which is outside my office (Mendocino 3024) or slide them under my office door or hand them in to the Philosophy department secretary (Mendocino 3000) by the due date and time as indicted on the syllabus. No late short answers or essays will be accepted. See the syllabus for due date.

1. According to Socrates in the Apology, what caused his “reputation and slander”?

a. He says it is his efforts to reform anyone whom he meets.

b. He says it is his tendency to teach people how to argue either side of an issue.

c. He says it is the fact that he possesses a certain kind of wisdom.

d. He says it is the fact that he tries to get people to care for their souls.

2. According to Socrates in the Apology, what kind of wisdom does he say that he possesses?

a. He says he possesses wisdom concerning the most important things.

b. He says he possesses he possesses wisdom concerning the nature of a good human life.

c. He says he possesses a certain kind of human wisdom.

d. He says he possesses wisdom concerning the existence of the god.

3. What did the oracle at Delphi tell Chaerephon?

a. The oracle told Chaerephon that Socrates was the wisest man in Greece.

b. The oracle told Chaerephon that no man was wiser than Socrates.

c. The oracle told Chaerephon that the wisest of men is like Socrates in knowing that he does not know anything of great importance

d. The oracle told Chaerephon that Socrates did not have knowledge of all things.

4. According to the Apology, what was Socrates charged with?

a. He was charged with corrupting the young and not believing in the gods in whom the city believes.

b. He was charged with believing that the sun and the moon are gods.

c. He was charged with disputing for merely verbal victory.

d. He was charged with associating with traitors.

5. At Apology 30b (p. 7 of your reader) Socrates says the following:

“Wealth does not bring about [human] excellence but [human] excellence makes everything else good for men, both individually and collectively.”

Which of the following best paraphrases what Socrates is saying?

a. He is saying that wealth does not guarantee success in life.

b. He is saying that having a favorable reputation does not mean the reputation is deserved.

c. He is saying that knowledge makes wealth useful.

d. He is saying that having wealth does not make one a good person but rather that being a good person makes whatever one has useful to oneself and others.

6. In the Phaedo, who are the two characters with whom Socrates mainly converses?

a. Phaedo and Echecrates

b. Cebes and Simmias

c. Cebes and Crito

d. Phaedo and Simmias

7. What is the main topic of the Phaedo?

a. The immortality of the soul

b. The immorality of suicide

c. The existence of Forms

d. The nature of Opposites

8. What statement about Opposites is not made in the Phaedo?

a. An opposite never becomes its own opposite

b. An opposite comes from or out of its own opposite

c. Some things, like fire or snow, always include an opposite, like heat and cold, in their very nature.

d. There are different kinds of opposites.

9. In the Phaedo, what reason does Socrates give for saying that suicide is wrong?

a. He says it is wrong because life is inherently valuable.

b. He says it is wrong because men are in a kind of prison and must atone for their sins.

c. He says it is wrong because men are the possession of gods who decide when it is time for a man to die.

d. He says it is wrong because it is never better for a human being to die rather than to live.

10. In the Phaedo, how does Socrates define death?

a. He defines death as the disintegration of the body.

b. He defines death as the destruction of the soul.

c. He defines death as the dispersion of the soul like smoke.

d. He defines death as the separation of the soul from the body.

11. In the Nicomachean Ethics at 1094a1ff (p. 30 of your reader), Aristotle says that “lower ends are . . . pursued for the sake of the higher ends.” In Aristotle’s view what is the highest end?

a. Happiness

b. Becoming like God

c. Aiming at virtue

d. Finding the relative mean

12. Which of the following conditions does Aristotle not rule out as the highest good?

a. Wealth

b. Rational Activity

c. Pleasure

d. Honor

13. When Aristotle argues that human beings as such have a function to what kind of thing does he liken a human being?

a. He likens human beings to plants.

b. He likens human beings to non-human animals.

c. He likens human beings to gods.

d. He likens human beings to craftsmen.

14. According to Aristotle, what is the function of a human being?

a. To have a good time

b. To engage in rational activity

c. To do good deeds

d. To find the relative mean

15. In the Nicomachean Ethics at 1110625ff (p. 39 of your reader), Aristotle says the following:

“By the intermediate in the object I mean what is equidistant from each extremity: this is one and the same for all. But relative to us the intermediate is what is neither superfluous nor deficient: this is not the same for all.”

What distinction is Aristotle drawing here?

a. The difference between a right action and a wrong action

b. The difference between our own position which is good and the position of others which is bad.

c. The difference between the objective middle of an object and the point that is neither too much nor too little for a human being.

d. The difference between what an expert knows and what the layman knows